Even though use. Linking words in English

In this lesson we will analyze sentences with conjunctions - Although; even though; despite the fact that; however, even though – even though and also with the adverb though at the end of the sentence - however, nevertheless. They are used in complex sentences with a concessive clause, that is, in sentences where the speaker allows something, makes a concession.

• Meanings of conjunctions though, although.
• Conjunctions though, although in the meaning “although”, “despite the fact that”.
• Though and although in the meaning “although”, “but”.
• Though at the end of a sentence.
• Exercises.

Meanings of conjunctions though, although

Conjunctions can be translated as “although,” but in different cases these will be different variations of “although”:

1. “Although,” which is closer to “despite the fact that.”
2. “Although” is closer to “but”.
3. “Although” is closer to “however”.

Conjunctions though, although in the meaning “although”, “despite the fact that”

Unions though And although are used in the meaning “although”, “despite the fact that” at the beginning of a subordinate clause, which can come either after the main part or before it.

We went for a walk though it was cold. - We went for a walk, although (despite the fact that) it was cold.

Although he is poor, he is honest. - Even though (despite the fact that) he is poor, he is honest.

Differences between though And although in this case no, in meaning they are absolutely identical, but in general the union though used more often, especially in colloquial speech. Union though often enhanced by even, it turns out to be a union even though – even though, even though.

We went for a walk even though it was cold. – We went for a walk, even though it was cold.

Even though I slept for nine hours, I still feel tired. Even though I slept for nine hours, I still feel tired.

Though and although in the meaning “although”, “but”

In Russian, “though” is a very flexible conjunction in meaning; in different cases its meaning may differ. Above we examined cases where thought, although means “although”, “despite the fact that”. There are cases when these conjunctions mean “although,” which is closer in meaning to “but.”

It will take me a month to finish the book (al-)though I'm not sure about it. - It will take me a month to finish the book, Although (But) I'm not sure about this.

In this example (al-)though has a meaning close to the union but. In translation, “although” can be replaced with “but” (“but I’m not sure about this”), but cannot be replaced with “despite the fact that,” since the meaning will change.

Other examples:

The house looks great to me though my wife doesn't think so. - The house looks great to me. although (but) my wife doesn't think so.

We are going to take in a kitten though I’m not sure our cat will like it. – We are going to take home a kitten, although (but) I’m not sure our cat will like it.

Though at the end of a sentence

In colloquial speech the word though often used as an adverb “however”, “nevertheless”, “but still”, “but” in a simple or complex sentence. In this case, it comes at the end of the sentence and is usually separated by a comma. The complexity of this construction is that in Russian, in a similar situation, we put the corresponding phrase in the middle or beginning of the sentence, and not at the end.

Yeah, we lost. It was a good game, though.- Yes, we lost. Nevertheless, it was a good game.

I overslept but came to work in time, though.- I overslept but still came to work on time.

The bus is old, but it does its work though.- The bus is old, but nevertheless gets the job done.

In order for speech in English to be varied and rich, it is not enough to know the grammatical rules. It is necessary to expand your vocabulary, without forgetting about connective words. Words - connectives (linking words)- adverbs, introductory words, particles and so on, they serve to connect two simple sentences as part of a complex one, we can also connect ideas in speech, thereby giving our statements logical completeness.

Let's look at groups of linking words:

1). Used to contrast ideas

Nevertheless	However, it doesn't matter
Unlike	In contrast
Despite/ In spite of	Despite
While	While
Although	Although
Nevertheless	Nevertheless
Whereas	Meanwhile, as/while
However	However
But	But
Even though	Even if
In theory/in practice	In theory/in practice

Difference between Although and despite/ In spite of

Although always followed by a subject and a predicate.

Example: Although the weather was nasty we went out- Although the weather was bad, we went for a walk.

Despite/in spite of is followed by a noun, pronoun (this, that, what, etc.) or a verb with an ing ending.

Example: In spite of nasty weather we went out- Despite the bad weather, we went for a walk.

We can also say in spite of the fact / despite the fact, and then you should use the subject with the predicate.

Example: I didn`t pass an exam despite the fact I had prepared hardly - I did not pass the exam, despite the fact that I prepared hard.

The difference between but and however. But connects two simple sentences that are part of a complex sentence. However is placed at the beginning of a sentence.

Example: My father is Spanish, but I have never been to Spain.

My father is Spanish. However, I have never been toSpain-My dad is Spanish. However, I have never been to Spain.

While, whereas, unlike

Example: While we were talking my phone rang - While we were talking, my phone rang.

Now it`s very cold in Russia, whereas it`s hot and sunny in Egypt - Now it’s very cold in Russia, while in Egypt it’s hot and sunny.

Unlike in Russia, in Egypt it`s very hot - Unlike Russia, in Egypt it is very hot.

Nevertheless, nevertheless

Example: She is allergic to honey; nevertheless she continues to eat it- She is allergic to honey, but still she continues to eat it.

They love each other nonetheless- They love each other no matter what.

2). Arrange ideas in a certain sequence

Example: Finally, I`ve found my notebook - Finally, I found my notebook.

Firstly, you have to buy tickets. Secondly, you have to go to the embassy.

First, you must buy tickets. Secondly, you must go to the embassy.

He has written two books. The former is about love. The latter is about life. - He wrote two books. The first book is about love, the second is about life.

3). Allows you to give examples

For example	For example
For instance	For example
Namely	Namely

Example: I want to go somewhere, for example, toBali-I want to go somewhere, for example, to the island of Bali.

4). Used to express the reason for what is happening

I have been cleaning my room since morning- I clean my room in the morning.

As you are earning much more money, we can buy a car- Since you began to earn more money, we can buy a car.

I did not go there because of him- I didn’t go there because of him.

Due to my parents I got an education- Thanks to my parents, I received an education.

5). Used to enter additional information

Furthermore	Moreover, in addition
Moreover	Moreover
In addition to	In addition to
Also	Also
Apart from	Besides
Too	Same
Besides	Besides
As well as	As well as
And	AND

Example: Moreover (Furthermore), they promised to help- In addition, they promised to help.

I don`t believe them too- I don’t believe them either.

I am also keen on music - I am also interested in music.

6). Statements used to summarize

As a result	As a result
In conclusion/to conclude	In conclusion/
In brief/in short	In short / in a nutshell
Therefore	That's why
This means that	This means
So	So
Subsequently	Hence

Example: So, we did it- So, we did it.

I obtained a visa; therefore, I go to China-I received a visa, so I am going to China.

In short, they won a price - In short, they won a prize.

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"Despite" And "in spite of"

If you answered in spite of And despite(without of) - honor and praise to you. If you answered in spite of And despite of - don't be upset. Many people make this mistake. (And if you answered “I don’t know,” then everything is great! Because now you’ll learn something new :)

Remember a simple thing: when you need to say “despite”, then in Russian we say two words and in English - or one or three.

That is:
Despite- one word.
Despite- two words.
In spite of- three words.

Once again: in English there can be either three words or one - but not two.

Is it possible like this: Roger is hungry in spite of he has eaten eight sausages?
Read it out loud. Doesn't sound right? That's right, that's not possible.

How about this translation: Roger is hungry despite he has eaten eight sausages?
It's a completely different matter, isn't it? This is just another common mistake! Because, after in spite of or despite You can't say a full sentence(He has eaten). What is possible?

1) Noun. For example: We went for a walk in spite of / despite the rain. We went for a walk despite the rain. (the rain- noun).
2) -ing form (otherwise - gerund). For example: We came late in spite of driving very fast. - We were late, despite the fact that we were driving fast. (driving- gerund).
3) Phrase the fact that... For example: Luke failed the exam in spite of / despite the fact that he was well prepared. - Luke failed the exam, despite the fact that he was well prepared.

That is, our phrase about Roger can be translated:
1) Roger is hungry in spite of / despite eight big sausages that he has eaten.
2) Roger is hungry in spite of / despite eating eight big sausages.
3) Roger is hungry in spite of / despite the fact (that) he "s eaten eight big sausages.

So, let's summarize.

1) “Despite” in English will be either inspiteof, or despite(without of)!
2) After inspiteof And despite you need to say a noun or gerund.
3) After inspiteof And despite You can't say a whole sentence. And if you really want to, you need to say despitethe fact that and then this proposal to speak.

Word "although" and his relatives

Now let's talk about wordalthough . Stop for a second and read it out loud.

Have you read it? If you read it like this: /olZOU/ - with the accent on the second syllable, and the letter Z “lisping” between the teeth, like Stanislav Sadalsky in the cartoon “Last Year’s Snow Was Falling,” - honor and praise to you!
What exactly does it mean? - "Although".

Example: Althoughthegorillawassoft, thegirlwasveryafraid. - Although the gorilla was soft, the girl was very scared.
Another example: Althoughmycatscratchesallthewallpaper, Ilovehim. - Even though my cat tears all the wallpaper, I still love him.

It should be especially noted that although often confused with despite.

Please answer: which sentence is correct - the first, second or both?

Jurgen drank all my beer although it was warm.
or
Jurgen drank all my beer despite it was warm.

Correct answer: the first sentence sounds great, but the second sentence sounds something like the Russian "Jurgen drank all my beer, despite on it it was warm." That is, the essence is clear, but grammatically it is nonsense.
It's correct to say this:

Jurgen drank all my beer despitethefactthat it was warm. (For more details, see above about inspiteof And despite).

Now - about though And even though.

Both of them are synonyms although. That is, we can say:

Althoughall my friends like pizza, I can't stand it.

Though all my friends like pizza, I can't stand it.

Even though all my friends like pizza, I can't stand it.

All three sentences mean: "Although all my friends love pizza, I can't stand it." What is the difference between these three words?

Though used less often, which means absolutely the same. But eventhough we need to say it when we want not just to say “although,” but to directly emphasize our surprise at the fact that this happened.

For example: Eventhough 68 menproposedtoher, sheisstillsingle.- Although she has been proposed to 68 times, she is still single.

Well, how can you not be surprised by this? 68 proposals (over 68 years) - and still not married.

And now - an exercise.

Read the sentences and modify them using the words in brackets.

Example: Jack kissed the girl. He didn't love her. (although) - Jack kissed the girl although he didn't love her.

1. Jack washed his hands. Granny didn't give him a banana. (although)
2. I was driving at 160 kilometers an hour. I arrived late. (even though)
3. The singer forgot the lines (forgot the words). The concert was a great success. (despite)
4. I didn't hear my alarm clock. It rang three times. (even though)
5. The street musician played for five hours. He earned only 300 rubles. (in spite)
6. Henri Toulouse-Lautrec had very short legs. A lot of women loved him. (despite)
7. Look! Little Bobby is feeling fantastic. He has eaten one kilo of chocolates. (even though)
8. Look! Little Bobby is feeling fantastic. He has eaten one kilo of chocolates. (despite)
9. He plays the piano very well. He can't sing at all (can't sing at all) (although)
10. She is a very unhappy woman. She has a rich husband. (despite)

And one more thing. Doing exercises without saying them out loud is like learning driving while sitting in a classroom. We know everything about the carburetor and battery - but wouldn’t it be nice to drive the car in practice?

That's why I decided to record the keys on audio. So, having done the exercise, download the audio keys and listen to the mp3 many times, stopping after each sentence and repeating out loud after the recording. And so 20 times :)

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Mini English lessons on grammar, vocabulary and effective methods of language learning.

You've probably come across the words although, though, even though in English sentences. Do you use them in speech? Do you know how to use them correctly?

In this material I will tell you all about the words although, though, even though and use examples to explain how to use them to express contrast.

First of all, let's understand how words are pronounced, because there are often mistakes made in their pronunciation. Usually the combination ough raises a lot of questions, since it has seven pronunciation options, which I told you about in.

The word although is pronounced like this: [ɔːl"ðəu]. Please note that at the beginning there is a long sound [ɔː], in the middle there is an interdental sound [ð], and at the end there is a diphthong [əu]. The combination gh not pronounced. Though is the shortened version and is pronounced [ðəu].

If you have difficulty reading English transcriptions, then you! Practice saying it out loud correctly.

Now about use.

Although and though are conjunctions. They connect two parts of a sentence and serve to express the contrast between ideas. These words have the same meaning and are translated into Russian as “although”, “even if”, “despite the fact that”.

The only fundamental difference is that though is a more informal, conversational option.

Although or though stand in that part of a sentence where there is an idea that contrasts or contradicts the main idea of ​​the sentence. When although or though are used, they mean something unusual that is not consistent with the main idea:

Although she doesn't have formal education, she works a top manager. - Although she doesn't have any education, she works as a top manager.

Although we did not know the city, we find the way to our hotel. - Although we did not know the city, we were able to find our way to our hotel.

As for position in a sentence, the words although or though can appear either at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence. The parts of the sentence are separated by a comma, but the words although or though themselves are not separated by commas:

(Al)though it was cold, we went to the seaside. - Although it was cold, we went to the sea.

We went to the seaside, (al)though the weather was cold. - We went to the sea, although it was cold.

(Al)though he was not hungry, he accepted the invitation to dinner. - Despite the fact that he was not hungry, he accepted the invitation to dinner.

He accepted the invitation to dinner, (al)though he was not hungry. - He accepted the invitation to dinner, despite the fact that he was not hungry.

To give a boost, use even though, but not even although:

Even though it was cold, we went to the seaside. - Although it was cold, we went to the sea.

Even though he was not hungry, he accepted the invitation to dinner. - Despite the fact that he was not hungry, he accepted the invitation to dinner.

Though is also used as an adverb to express contrast. In this case, it is used in a sentence with the meaning “although”, “however”, “nevertheless” and is separated by commas:

The day was long. It was eventful, though. - It was a long day. However, it was full of events.

The film is boring. The book, though, is quite interesting. - The film is boring. However, the book is quite interesting.

The adverb though can occupy a position at the end of the second, contrasting with the first, sentence, or in the middle of the sentence (after the subject). The location of an adverb does not affect its meaning in any way.

Essentially, the adverb though is the same as , the use of which I talked about quite recently. Perhaps you have a question: why use all these words if there is the word but (the use of which, by the way, we also talked to you not so long ago)?

First, your spoken language feels completely different when you use not just one, but different ways of expressing the connections between your ideas. Secondly, when you master various linguistic means, it is easier for you to express your thoughts, you say exactly what you want to say, and not “something close to what you had in mind.”

In addition, in English language exams, be it international or school exams, a lot of attention is paid to how you connect your thoughts, what devices you use and how correctly they are used in your speaking and writing. Using conjunctions can either add points to your score or detract from your score.

And lastly, the main thing: the main problem of many is that there are ideas, there is grammar, there is vocabulary, but it is so difficult to connect your thoughts, to give them a logical and coherent form!

ENGINFORM teachers are well aware of this complexity and know how to work with it, so in our individual lessons and in preparation courses for school exams, we pay a lot of attention to working out different ways to combine words into sentences, and sentences into texts and statements. We learn to speak and write correctly and confidently.

By the way, but, however, although and though are not all ways to combine ideas and express contrast in English. I will continue to tell you about this topic in future posts. Stay tuned and keep improving your English! Good luck!

Although and However are two conjunctions that indicate contrast or opposition. Nevertheless, there is a difference between Although and However based on their meaning, usage and nature. The main difference between although and however is that although is a while however is a

When to Use Although

Although is a subordinating conjunction, which is used to combine two clauses together. This subordinating conjunction is used to indicate exceptions to a rule or highlight an alternative. Although is similar in meaning to i n spiteof the fact. Although can be used either at the beginning or at the middle of a , as indicated below.

Although + Clause 1 + Clause 2

Although he speaks English well, his first language is French.

Clause 1+ Although+ Clause 2

He speaks English well although his first language is French.

If you carefully observe the two sentences above, you’ll notice that a comma has been used at the end of the first clause of the first example, but there are no commas in the second example. When although is used at the beginning of a sentence, you have to use a comma at the end of the first clause.

The following examples will further clarify these rules.

Although he was happy in his new apartment, he missed his former neighbors.

His parents were born in Spain although they speak poor Spanish.

I think he is honest although I don’t believe his tale.

Although it was late, he went out.

Over every mountain there is a path although it may not be seen from the valley.

When to Use However

However is a conjunctive adverb that can be used to join main clauses or to modify a clause. However is similar in meaning to but or nevertheless and expresses a contradiction. This adverb is used in a sentence when two clauses contain contradictory ideas. For example, look at the two clauses given below.

Clause 1: People tend to gain weight as they grow older.

Clause 2: Gaining weight is not inevitable.

We can use however to combine these two clauses together by providing a smooth transition between two ideas.

People tend to gain weight as they grow older. However, gaining weight is not inevitable.

Note that according to the traditional rules, however could not be used at the beginning of a sentence. However, in modern usage this rule is not much accepted. In fact, many modern style guides state that using a sentence with however is not an error.

If you want to avoid starting a sentence with however, you can use a semicolon to connect the two main clauses. If we take the earlier example, we can rewrite it with a semicolon as given below.

People tend to gain weight as they grow older; however, gaining weight is not inevitable.

Keep in mind that you have to insert a comma after however in both these cases.

However can be also used in the middle of the sentences. When it is used in the middle of a sentence, it has to be preceded and followed by commas. For example,

Notice, however, that a coordinating conjunction always combine two independent clauses.

This contrary view, however, was not accepted by anyone.

This stall has a lot of products; however, there are no customers.

Grammatical Category

Although is a subordinating conjunction.

However is a conjunctive adverb.

Function

Although combines two clauses and make a sentence.

However facilitates a smooth transition between two ideas.